Extended CV

CURRICULUM VITAE - WILMA CRUISE
b. Annegarn 22.02.1945 JOHANNESBURG

Academic Qualifications
1969 BA (Hons) (Wits)
1966 Transvaal Teachers Higher Diploma (JCE)
1989 BA (FA) (Cum Laude) (UNISA)
1997 MA (FA) (Cum Laude) (UNISA)

Exhibitions
One - person
2007 to 2009 Cocks, Asses &…(I can’t hear), University of Johannesburg Art Gallery 7 - 28 November 2007; Kizo Art Gallery, Durban, 20 June – 28 July 2008; White River Art Gallery March – April 2009; Oliewenhuis Art Museum (Reservoir), Bloemfontein, 7 July – 16 August 2009; iArt Gallery, Cape Town, 9 November – 11 December 2009.
2008 SPLIT LON.NY.JHB. David Krut Projects, Johannesburg.
2006 Cruise at Krut: Wilma Cruise Works on Paper, Johannesburg, 5 August – 23 September.
2001 HYS. SUSP. text/image/sound. Millennium Gallery, Pretoria May 30 - June 27.
2000 rapRACK. Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg, 10 June - 1 July.
1998 Mirroring ourselves (with Regi Bardavid). AVA Gallery, Cape Town, 16 November - 5 December.
1997 Continuous projection. African Window Museum, Pretoria, 30 September – 30 October.
1996 John’s wife. First Gallery, Parkhurst, Johannesburg, 23 April - 11 May.
1993 Nicholas - October 1990. Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg, April 17 – May 8th.
1991 Jacobs and Liknaitsky Gallery, Cape Town.
1990 Untitled: (everlasting nothingness made visible), Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg, 7 – 27 October.
1987 Portrait of my friends and other animals. Beuster-Skolimowski Gallery, Pretoria, 2 – 14 August.
1985 Sylvester in September. Beuster-Skolimowski Gallery, Pretoria 15 – 27 September.
1985 All those lonely people. Things Gallery, Johannesburg, 27 May – 10 June.
1983 Collection. Beuster-Skolimowski Gallery, Pretoria. 30 January – 11 February.

As Curator
2004 Earthworks/Claybodies. (Deborah Bell, Wilma Cruise, Guy du Toit, Petros Gumbi). Sasol Art Museum, University of Stellenbosch - September 2004
2003 Earthworks/Claybodies. (Deborah Bell, Wilma Cruise, Guy du Toit, Josephine Ghesa). Pretoria Art Museum, 16 March - 26 May, Standard Bank Gallery, 2004
1999 (Re)figuring abstraction. (Regi Bardavid, Jenni Stadler, Pascual Tarazona), Sandton Civic Gallery, October - November.
1995 Space/(Dis)Place. Africus Biennale, Johannesburg, (as artist and curator).
1992 Edges. Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg (as artist and curator).
1991 The contemporary vessel. Karen McKerron Gallery, Bryanston, (as artist and curator).

Selected Group Exhibitions
2010 Transitions. Gallery 2, Johannesburg. 8 May.
2010 Bodies in Transition. Curated by Elfrieda Dreyer. Fried Contemporary, Pretoria. 2 February 7 March
2009 The Urban Animal. Curated by Sonja Britz and Ann-Marie Tully.?ABSA Gallery Johannesburg, 7th - 29th October.2009
Outdoor Sculpture Exhibition St Lorient pretoria, 28 August – 26 September and University of Johannesburg October 2009. Curated by Gordon Froud.
2009 “3” (with Guy du Toit and Gordon Froud) NaudeModern, Pretoria.
2008 Space Fusion Artspace, Johannesburg, 5 March - 29 March.
2007 - 2008 Spier Contemporay 2007. Stellenbosch, 12 December - 20 February ; JAG 15 March – 31 May; Durban Art Museum 15 August – 1 November.
2007 Montage. Resolution Gallery, Johannesburg, 13 November.
2007 Rendezvous – Focus Sculpture. Redhill 8 – 16 December.
2007 Sculpture Garden Grande Provence, Franschoek, September.
2007 Little Deaths (with Elfrieda Dreyer and Guy du Toit curated by Elfreida Dreyer) Fried Contemporary, Pretoria 13 February – 10 March and Bell Roberts, Lorensford Estate
2006 Roles/Robes at Fried Contemporary, Pretoria,15 July – 5 August.
2006 Home Sweet Home. Strijdom Gallery, George.
2005 Works on paper: Collaborative Prints from David Krut Print Workshop, Franchise, Johannesburg, 24 November – 15 December.
2005 David Krut Collaborations: 25 Years of Prints and Multiples, National Arts Festival, Grahamstown 30 June to 9 July 2005
2005 Art from Two Metropoles. Fried Contemporary, Pretoria, 30 July – 19 August.
2003 Brett Kebble Art Awards, Cape Town Convention Centre, Cape Town.
2002 Male Order. Standard Bank National Arts Festival, Touring exhibition.
2002 Art Exhibition - The Spacing, UNISA, Sunnyside Campus, Pretoria, 7 September -15 October.
2002 Manuscript Exhibition 4. Boekehuis, Johannesburg, 7 - 28 September.
2002 TransCultural Exchange Coaster Project - Destination the World. Open Window Art Gallery, Pretoria and Trattoria San Lorenzo Rivonia, March 8 – 17.
2001 Biennale Internazionale Dell’arte Contemporanea, Florence, 7 - 16 December.
2001 Observations (with Guy du Toit and Dianne Victor). The Open Window Art Gallery, Pretoria, 12-29 September.
2001 Launch of Millennium II - Johannesburg. Millennium II Gallery, Johannesburg 23 June
2001 M.E. III Manuscripts. Standard Bank Festival of the Arts, Grahamstown, 29 June - 5 July.
2000 Conversations….2000. Wordfest, Standard Bank Festival of the Arts, Grahamstown.
2000 Water Colour Society of South Africa, (Guest Exhibitor). Norscot Manor, Sandton October.
2000 Manuscript Ii. Boekehuis, Melville, Johannesburg (Sept. October); Centre For the Book, Cape Town (December); Oliewenhuis National Museum, Bloemfontein (February - March 20001)
1999 Manuscript Exhibition. Carfax, Johannesburg, 20 November - 4 December; Tatham Art Gallery, Pietermaritzburg and Durban 2000.
1999 The Paper show (curated by Peter Schutz). Goodman Gallery, 10 July - 7 August.
1999 Equus, Pretoria, January.
1998 The art of giving. Gallery on Tyrone, Johannesburg, 28 November.
1998 Aardklop, Potchefstroom.
1998 Women’s Day. Gallery on Tyrone, Johannesburg, 22 August.
1998 Buttons curated by Gordon Froud. The Civic Gallery, Johannesburg, 14 July.
1998 Nearer than bronze: works in paper. Sandton Civic Gallery, Sandton, April - May.
1998 Klein Karoo National Arts Festival, Oudtshoorn, April.
1997 Havana Biennale, Cuba, April-May.
1997 A little big thing. Erotic miniatures at The Thompson Gallery, Johannesburg, September- October.
1996 Contemporary South African Art from the South African National Gallery Permanent Collection, Cape Town, December
1996 An exhibition of books by people who don’t write: Artist’s books from the Ginsburg Collection, Johannesburg Art Gallery, August.
1996 Past and present. Exhibition of past and present UNISA lecturers, Pretoria.
1996 Kempton Park/Tembisa Fine Arts Awards, Kempton Park.
1994-5 Havana Biennale, Cuba
1995 Kempton Park/Tembisa Fine Arts Awards, Kempton Park.
1994 Anything boxed. Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg.
1994 Exhibition of new work by the 1993 winners of the FNB Vita Now competition. Civic Theatre Art Gallery, Johannesburg.
1994 Exhibition of maquettes and sketches for art commissions. Civic Theatre Gallery, Johannesburg. (Finalist with Russell Scott for The Theatre Horse. Co-awardees - Dianne Victor and Reshada Crouse).
1994 FNB Art Vita Now. Johannesburg Art Gallery (Quarterly Award) Institute of Contemporary Art, Johannesburg.
1993 The joy is in the making. Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg.
1991 Cape Town Triennial. Traveling exhibition.
1991 Vita Art Now. Johannesburg Art Gallery.
1989 Vita Art Now. Johannesburg Art Gallery.
1989 Artists’ Mirror Competition. Karen McKerron Gallery. (First Prize)
1988 Cape Town Triennial. Traveling exhibition.
1988 Two-person exhibition, Karen McKerron Gallery, Bryanston.
1988 Clay plus. UNISA Art Gallery, Pretoria.
1988 Detainee Parents’ Support Committee Exhibition. Market Gallery, Johannesburg.
1987 Figurative ceramics and decorated textiles. The Annexe, South African National Gallery, Cape Town.
1987 Recent trends in ceramics. South African National Gallery, Cape Town.
1984 Teapot exhibition. Things Gallery, Johannesburg.
1984 Invited Potters. NSA Gallery, Durban; William Humphrey Gallery, Kimberly.
1982 An Exhibition of Ceramic Sculpture and Porcelain. (Two-person exhibition), Trevor Coleman Gallery, Johannesburg.
1981 In Doors, Out Doors. (Two-person exhibition), Beuster-Skolimowski Gallery, Pretoria.
1981 Ersnt de Jongh Gallery, Pretoria.
1980 Six potters explore raku. Trevor Coleman Gallery, Johannesburg.
1980 Carriage House Gallery, Johannesburg.
1980 Beuster-Skolimowski Gallery, Pretoria.
1979 Beuster-Skolimowski Gallery, Pretoria.

Residencies and workshops
2009 Artspace Mentorship Programme Mentor: Wilma Cruise. Mentee: Louis Olivier 19 to 30 September.
2007 Lower Eastside Printshop, New York, March (supported by David Krut Projects).2007 Guest lecturer and fine art critique for final year students, Rhodes University, Grahamstown.
2004 Guest lecturer, Rhodes Univerisity, Grahamstown, July – September.
1998 Artist-in-residence, Standard Bank Festival of Arts, Grahamstown.
1997 European contemporary art in the point of intersection between contemporary cultures and nations. Ryn, Poland, July 1997
1997 Havana Biennale, Cuba. April-May.

Public and Corporate Collections
Iziko (South African National Gallery)
Durban Art Museum
Pretoria Art Museum
University of South Africa Collection
Corobrik Collection
Polokwane Municipal Collection
Billiton
MTN
Constitutional Court
Standard Bank Gallery
Sasol University Museum, Stellenbosch
Sasol.
University of Johannesburg

Public Works
2008 The Memorial to the Slaves, Church Square, Cape Town, in collaboration with Gavin Younge.
2006. For the Miners: A Health and Safety Tree. For Switching on the Lights. Anglo American, 4 December 2006, in collaboration with Gavin Younge.
2006 Ancestor. Department of Science and Technology, Pretoria, in collaboration with Gavin Younge.
2004 – 2005 Sheep May Safely Graze: The Return Of The Bultfontein Sheep.
Oliewenhuis Museum, Bloemfontein.
2004 The Right to Life. Constitutional Court, Johannesburg.
2000 Wathint’ Abafazi Wathint’ Imbokodo; Strike the Woman Strike the Rock.
A Monument to celebrate the women’s march on The Union Buildings on 9th August 1956
(with Marcus Holmes), Union Buildings, Pretoria.
1998 Speaking Loudly: Listening Intently. MTN.
c. 1979 FNB Drilling
1975 Mono Die Engineers

Awards
2001 Lorenzo il Magnifico Award 4h place digital art section. Biennale Internazionale Dell’arte Contemporanea, Florence.
2000 Architects’ Project Award for Women’s Monument, Union Buildings, Pretoria.
1998 Chancellor’s Club Scholarship, UNISA
1993 Quarterly Vita Art Now Award. (Co-recipient Steven Cohen).
1992 Corobrik Award - 1st Biennial Ceramics Exhibition.
1992 Address in Acknowledgement of Excellence in Service to the Local Cultural Community, Regional Council for Cultural Affairs Southern Transvaal.
1990 Faculty Medal for Academic Achievement, UNISA.
1989 Artist’s Mirror Competition, Karen McKerron Gallery, Bryanston.
1989 Standard Bank Merit Award, UNISA.
1986 Transvaal Regional Ceramic Exhibition - Highly Commended

LIST OF REFERENCES
Arnold, M. 1996. Women and Art in South Africa. Claremont: David Philip Publishers.
Arnold, M. and Schahmann, B (eds.) 2005. Between Union and Liberation: Women artists in South Africa 1910 to 1994. Eldershot: Ashgate.
Africus: Johannesburg Biennale. 1995. Johannesburg: (Catalogue for an exhibition held in the city of Johannesburg, 28 February to 30 April.)
Becker, R. 2001. The new monument to the women of South Africa. African Arts. Vol XXXIII, Number 4: 2 - 9.
Brown, C. 2002. Male Order. (Catalogue for Standard Bank National Arts Festival, Touring exhibition).
Cape Town Triennial. 1991. Cape Town: Rembrandt van Rijn Art Foundation. (Catalogue produced for a traveling exhibition of South African art.)
Clay +. 1988. Pretoria: University of South Africa. (Catalogue produced for an exhibition held at the Unisa Art Gallery, Pretoria, 7 July - 20 August): 16.
Coombes, Annie E. 2003. History after Apartheid: Visual Culture and Public Memory in a Democratic South Africa. Johannesburg: Wits University Press: 106 - 115.
Coombes, Annie E. Skin Deep/ Bodies of Evidence: The Work of Berni Searle in Hassan, Salah M. and Oguibe, Olu. 2001. Authentic/ Ex-centric: Conceptualism in Contemporary African Art. Forum for African Arts, Ithaca, NY: 194.
Contemporary South African art 1985 - 1995 from the South African National Gallery Permanent Collection. 1997. (Catalogue for an exhibition held at the South African National Gallery, Cape Town, 24 December 1996 - 31 March 1997.)
Cruise, W. 2000. rapRACK: Wilma Cruise. National Ceramics Quarterly 53 Spring.
Cruise, W. 1997. Wilma Cruise Sculptures 1990 - 1996. Johannesburg: Wilma Cruise and Russell Lund.
Cruise, W. and Hemp, D. 1991. Contemporary Ceramics in South Africa. Cape Town: Struik Winchester.
Dahn, J. 2006. Sculptor and Figure. Ceramic Review. 219, May/June: 34-35.
Dreyer, E. 2007. Little Deaths catalogue for a traveling exhibition, Little Deaths (with Elfrieda Dreyer and Guy du Toit curated by Elfreida Dreyer) Fried Contemporary, Pretoria 13 February – 10 March and Bell Roberts, Lorensford Estate.
Koseff, Lara. 2007. Wilma Cruise’s Mother Goose Suite. The South African Art Times Supplement, August, p.3.
Hobbs, P. 2006. Picasso and Africa: An Educational Supplement. Johannesburg: Standard Bank of South Africa Ltd.: 10.
Law Viljoen, B. 2006. Light on a Hill: Building the Constitutional Court of South Africa. Johannesburg: David Krut Publishing.
McInnes, J. 2007. Wilma Cruise: A Profile, National Ceramics, 81 Spring. 4 - 9.
McInnes, J. 2006. Body Art. The Big Issue, Isuue 111. Vol. 10 30.
Nel, K. 1996. Anthropomorphic vessels: Containers of sexuality and a life. National Ceramics Quarterly 36, June: 7 - 9.
Number Four: The Making of Constitution Hill. 2006. Penguin: Johannesburg and London. P. 217 – 218.
Rankin. E. 2006. ‘Material and messages: Sculpture and Mixed media works in the MTN Art Collection’, in Hobbs, P. (ed) Messages and meaning in the MTN Art Collection, Johannesburg: MTN Foundation and David Krut Publishing cc. : 237 - 8
Schmahmann, B. 2007. Cocks, Asses &…(I can’t hear), Catalogue for an exhibition at University of Johannesburg Art Gallery. 7-28 November 2007 and Kizo Art Gallery, Durban June – July 2008.
Schmahmann, B. 2005. The Sculptures of Wilma Cruise: Fragments and Feminist Transgressions, paper presented at The Fragmented Figure Conference, Cardiff School of Art and Design, UWIC 29 – 30 June.
Schmahmann, B. 2004. Through the Looking Glass: Representations of Self by South African Women Artists, Johannesburg: David Krut Publishing.
Schmahmann, B. 2002. Bodies in Agitation: Wilma Cruise’s Recent Work, De Arte 66: 4- 19 Septemeber.
Schmahmann, B. 2003. Initiating In-betweeness: Wilma Cruise’s Claybody Sculptures in Earthworks/Claybodies. (Catalogue produced for an exhibition held at the Pretoria Art Museum, 16 March - 26 May, Standard Bank Gallery and Sasol University Museum 2004).
Stevens, I. 2003. Earthworks/Claybodies. National Ceramics Quarterly 64, Winter: 11 - 14.
Valdes, E. The archaeology of repression: Four South African artists. Art Atlantica (issue unknown).
van Tonder, A M. 1994. Stereotypes and spaces in the work of Wilma Cruise. Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BA Fine Arts at the University of South Africa, Pretoria.
Europejska Sztuka Wspólczesna Na Pograniczu Kultur, Narodów Ryn, 9 - 29 VII 1997 r Przyólpracy: Ministerstwa Kultury I Sztuki Wojewody Suwalskiego Mgok Ryn Galerii Sztuki W Rynie
Biennale Internazionale Dell’Arte Contemporanea, Terza Edizione 2001 Catalogue; 176
Younge, G. 2004. Representing global conflict and transnational
trauma—the case of the Legacy Project and its visual arts archive, Keynote Address 20th Meeting of the South African Art & Architectural Association. University of Natal, 23-25 September.

Publications by Cruise
Articles
2007 New York .03.07 De Arte 76: 60 – 64.
2004 The Story of woman with Fish. De Arte 69: 80 – 83.
2004 Katherine Glenday: Painting with Light. Ceramics Art and Perception 57: 85.
2000 On a Grand Scale: Monumental Pots from South Africa, Potter Digby Hoets. Ceramic Review 194. March/April: 34 - 38.
2000 At last: Review of Altech Ceramics Biennale 2000. National Ceramics Quarterly 54 Summer.
2000 rapRACK: Wilma Cruise National Ceramics Quarterly 53 Spring.
1998 Debbie Bell shows the way. National Ceramics Quarterly 45 Spring.
1997 Twenty-five years on: A personal view. National Ceramics 41 (September).
1995 Artists in residence. Africus Biennale. Brochure for the Standard Bank Gallery, Johannesburg (Artists in residence, Reshada Crouse and Philippa Hobbs).
1993 The state of the art: contemporary ceramics in South Africa. Introduction to CraftArt by D. Hemp (ed): 10.
1992 The Chinese water torture method and the first biennial ceramics exhibition: a homily. National Ceramics Quarterly, 22 (December).
1991 Clay spectrum ‘91: a new approach to competition. Ceramix and Craft, October -December.
1991 The camel syndrome. De Arte 45 (April).
1989 Europe after the rain: thoughts provoked by Istanbul. De Arte 39 (April)
1988 Teacups and torsos: objects of confusion. Clay +, UNISA Art Gallery, Pretoria.
1987 And now for ceramics. Art The Independent Review 1 (Dec).
1987 On judging. Ceramix 1 (July).
1983 Some thoughts on judging. Sgrafitti 32, (March).

Reviews
2009 The Glazecor Gauteng Regional exhibition, University of Pretoria, National Ceramics, Number 90 Summer 2009 p18
2008 The 2008 Corobrik National Ceramcic Exhibition, University of Johannesburg Art Gallery, National Ceramics, Number 25, Spring 2008 p11-13
2005 Hylton Nel. Stevenson, M. 2003. Cape Town and London Michael Stevenson Contemporary and The Fine Art Society in De Arte 71 April.
2000 William Kentridge. Cameron, D. Christov-Bakargiev, C. and Coetzee, J. M. 1999. London: Phaidon. De Arte 62 September.
1987 Ceramix 1 (July).
1987 Ceramix 2 (October).
1988 Ceramix 3 (January): 5, 19 and 22.
Ceramix 4 (April).
Ceramix and Craft (July).
Ceramix and Craft (October).
1993 Catalogue. Made in wood: work from the Western Cape. De Arte 47 (April).
1996 National Ceramics Quarterly
1986 Sgraffiti 45. Corobrik S.Tvl. Regional Exhibition: 6

Catalogues
2010 &Pooof! Karin Lijnes at AVA Gallery, Cape Town 6th April – 30th April.
2006 Clementina van der Walt…
2003 Kgodumodumo - the art of Josephine Ghesa in Earthworks/Claybodies. (Catalogue produced for an exhibition held at the Pretoria Art Museum, 16 March - 26 May).
2001 Killing the (M)other - Gail Iris Neke. (Exhibition at the Bell Roberts Gallery, Cape Town).
2001 Hylton Nel in Hillebrand, M. (2001) Hylton Nel Retrospective Exhibition. Port Elizabeth, King George VI Art Gallery.

Books
Cruise, W. 2006. Reading Ceramics, in Messages and meaning in the MTN Art Collection, Phillippa Hobbs, (ed) Johannesburg: MTN Foundation and David Krut Publishing cc.
Cruise, W. 2005.Breaking the mould: women ceramists in KwaZulu-Natal in Between Union and Liberation: Women artists in South Africa 1910 to 1994 Marion Arnold and Brenda Schmahmann, (Eds.), Eldershot: Ashgate.
Cruise, W. and Hemp, D. 1991. Contemporary Ceramics in South Africa. Cape Town: Struik Winchester.
Cruise, W. 2000. Professional art practice: An artist’s perspective. Study Guide for Department of Art History and Visual Arts, University of South Africa. Pretoria: Unisa 2000

Papers
2008 Satan’s Seat: The Cape Town Slave memeorial in Post Colonial Context at Past The last Post:The Posts in (South) Africa, 24th Annual Conference of the South African Association of Visual Arts Historians, Stellenbosch, 4 – 6th September.
2005 Partial Figures and Psychic Unease: An Artist’s Perspective (Fragmented Figure Conference, Cardiff, Wales, June – July).
2005 Sheep, Dogs And The Space Between: Process Explored. International Ceramic Festival, Aberytstwyth, Wales, July.
1997 I love kissing in Cuba: fragments, fractures and figments. Thirteenth annual conference of the South African Association of Art Historians 11 - 13 September University of Stellenbosch.
1995 Space/(Dis)Place and the Africus Biennale. 3rd South African Sculpture Symposium 3-5 July Technokonrand Campus, Pretoria.
1995 Art and craft: an ongoing debate. Eleventh annual conference of the South
African Association of Art Historians 5-7 July University of the Witwatersrand.
1992 Contemporary ceramics in South Africa: an overview. Published in Proceedings for the South African Ceramic Society Symposium, Ceramics 2000-International.
1992 Content and Meaning in Ceramics. University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg.

Public Lectures
Pots in my collection and why I like them. Olive McIntyre Memorial Lecture, William Humphrey Gallery, Kimberly 1997.
Contemporary Ceramics in South Africa - The Story behind the Book. Tatham Art Gallery, Pietermaritzburg 1992, Rustenburg, 1992, Johannesburg, 1993.
The State of the Art - Contemporary Ceramics in SA. Winter School Grahamstown Festival 1993

Positions Held
Member of the World Advisory Council for the Ceramic Millennium 99, Amsterdam.
Chairman Arts Advisory Committee for the Sandton Civic Gallery, appointment 1995.
Editorial committee De Arte: Journal of the Department of History of Art and Fine Arts, University of South Africa, appointment 1997.
Arts Advisory Committee for the Sandton Town Council, appointment 1992.
Part-time lecturer Fine Art and Art History, University of South Africa 1993 and 1994.
External Moderator, Vaal Triangle Technikon 1989-1996 and Technikon of the Witwatersrand 1992-1995, University Of Natal; University of the Free State.
1999 - Chairman Adjudication Panel for Sasol New Signatures Exhibition
1996 - National Awards Judge for the Second Ceramics Biennale
Selector:-
1992 - First Biennial Ceramics Exhibition - Southern Transvaal Region
1991 - South African Ceramic Awards
1991 - Southern Transvaal (Regional Exhibition)
1990 - Natal (Regional Exhibition)
1990 - OFS
1987 - Southern Transvaal
1984 - Eastern Cape
1983 - Natal
1993/4 Curatorial Advisory Committee for the first Johannesburg Biennale - Africus
Vice chairman Institute of Contemporary Art (ICA), 1992.
Secretary of the Interim Steering Committee for ICA 1990-1991.
Critic for the Association of Potters Magazine Ceramix 1987 - 1988.
Chairman of the Association of Potters of Southern Africa, (Southern Transvaal Region) 1985 and 1986. Adjudicator for National Ceramics exhibitions: 1983 - 1996